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:''The information in this article is from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica and it is largely outdated. For current information, see :de:Katholische Kirche in Albanien.'' The Roman Catholic Church in Albania is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope in Rome. All Albanians were Orthodox Christians until the middle of the 13th century when some of the Ghegs converted to Catholicism as a mean to resist the Orthodox Slavs. According to some sources around 16.8%-17% of the population of Albania were Catholic,〔()〕 but in the 2011 census the percentage of Catholics was 10.03%.〔(Albanian census 2011 )〕 (Although this may be an undercount due to emigration, especially to Italy; the Albanian Orthodox Church,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.orthodoxalbania.org/al/index.php/eng/news/181-official-announcements )〕 the Greek minority, and the Bektashi community have all complained of being severely undercounted in the census.) Catholicism is strongest in the northwestern part of the country, which historically had the most readily available contact with, and support from, Rome and the Republic of Venice. More than 30,000 Albanian Catholics are located in south Montenegro in Albanian Municipalities, such as Tuzi, Ulcinj (''Albanian: Ulqin''), Bar (''Tivari'') and Plav (''Plava''). The region is considered part of the Malsia Highlander region of the seven Albanian Catholic tribes. The region was split from Ottoman Albania after the First Balkan War and permanently lost following WWII. In certain periods there have also been Catholics in the south of Albania. There are three distinct periods where this occurred. The first was during the period of the Kingdom of Albania, in the 14th century, when the areas of Vlora and Butrint (near modern-day Saranda) became Catholic, but they later reverted to Orthodoxy. Nowadays Catholicism has also grown in the South, once again especially in the area of Vlora County. There are five dioceses in the country, including two archdioceses plus an Apostolic Administration covering southern Albania. ==History== For four centuries, the Albanian Catholics have defended their faith with the aid of: *The Franciscan missionaries, especially since the middle of the 17th century, when persecutions by the Muslim lords set in motion the apostasy of many Albanian villages. *The College of Propaganda at Rome, especially prominent in religious and moral support of Albanian Catholics. During the 17th and 18th centuries, particularly, it educated young clerics for service on the Albanian missions, contributing then as now to their support and to that of the churches. *The Austrian Government, which gave about five thousand dollars yearly to the Albanian missions, in its role of Protector of the Christian community under Turkish rule. Apropos of the Austrian interest in Albania, it may be stated that it is the Austrian ambassador who obtains from the Sultan the Berat, or civil document of institution, for the Catholic bishops of Albania.〔Neber, in K. L., XI, 18, 19〕 The Church legislation of the Albanians was reformed by Pope Clement XI, effecting a general ecclesiastical visitation (1763) by the Archbishop of Antivari, at the close of which a national synod was held. Its decrees were printed by Propaganda (1705), and renewed in 1803.〔Coll. Lucensis Conc. Recent., I, 283 sq〕 In 1872, Pius IX caused a second national synod to be held at Scutari, for the renovation of the popular and ecclesiastical life. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Roman Catholicism in Albania」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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